Summary
This review examines immune checkpoint inhibition as a cancer therapeutic strategy, focusing on antibodies that block CTLA-4 and PD-1 to release immune brakes on antitumour T cell responses. Whilst most responding patients achieve durable disease control, approximately one-third experience relapse; the authors discuss emerging evidence that acquired resistance involves alterations in antigen presentation and interferon-γ signalling, and propose that next-generation combination therapies may overcome these resistance mechanisms.
UK applicability
The findings are directly applicable to UK cancer care, as checkpoint inhibitors are routinely used within NHS oncology practice. Understanding resistance mechanisms and combination strategies is relevant to improving patient outcomes in the UK health system.
Key measures
Tumour response rates, disease control duration, relapse frequency, mechanisms of acquired resistance in antigen presentation and interferon-γ signalling pathways
Outcomes reported
The study reviewed clinical efficacy of CTLA-4 and PD-1 pathway blockade antibodies in achieving long-lasting tumour responses across multiple cancer types, and examined mechanisms of acquired resistance in patients who relapse.
Topic tags
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