Summary
This paper presents the output of a 2019 Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) controversies conference convened to address emerging evidence in acute kidney injury since the 2012 guideline publication. The conference reviewed literature from 2011–2019, identified areas of clinical uncertainty and ongoing debate, and outlined research priorities to inform future guideline iterations. The findings reflect consensus and divergent views among leading international nephrologists on optimal AKI management.
UK applicability
The KDIGO guidelines inform clinical practice across the UK National Health Service and are referenced in British Kidney Society recommendations. These updated findings on AKI classification, diagnostic biomarkers, and management strategies have direct applicability to UK hospital protocols and nephrology training.
Key measures
Clinical practices in AKI diagnosis and management; evidence quality and agreement on diagnostic criteria, risk stratification, and therapeutic interventions; identified research priorities and knowledge gaps
Outcomes reported
The study reviewed evidence published since the 2012 KDIGO AKI guideline and synthesised findings from a 2019 controversies conference to identify best practices, areas of uncertainty, and research gaps in AKI diagnosis and management. Key outcomes included consensus statements on controversial issues and recommendations for the next iteration of clinical guidelines.
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