Pulse Brain · Growing Health Evidence Index
Tier 3 — Observational / field trialPeer-reviewed

Whole-genome sequencing of 490,640 UK Biobank participants

Manuscript Writing Group, Keren Carss, Bjarni V. Halldórsson, Liping Hou, Jimmy Z. Liu, Eleanor Wheeler, Yancy Lo, Kousik Kundu, Zhuoyi Huang, Ben Lacey, Ryan S. Dhindsa, Diana Rajan, Jelena Randjelović, Neil Marriott, Carol E. Scott, Ahmet Sinan Yavuz, Ian Johnston, Trevor Howe, Mary Helen Black, Kāri Stefánsson, Robert A. Scott, Slavé Petrovski, Shuwei Li, Adrián Cortés, AstraZeneca, Fengyuan Hu, Quanli Wang, Oliver S. Burren, Sri V. V. Deevi, Carolina Haefliger, Kieren Lythgow, Peter Maccallum, Karyn Mégy, Jonathan Mitchell, Sean M. O’Dell, Amanda O’Neill, Katherine R. Smith, Haeyam Taiy, Menelas N. Pangalos, Ruth March, Sebastian Wasilewski, Amgen deCode genetics, Hannes P. Eggertsson, Kristjan H. S. Moore, Hannes Hauswedell, Ögmundur Eiríksson, Aron Skaftason, Nokkvi Gislason, Svanhvít Sigurjónsdóttir, Magnús Ö. Úlfarsson, Gunnar Pálsson, Marteinn T. Hardarson, Ásmundur Oddsson, Brynjar Ö. Jensson, Snædís Kristmundsdóttir, Brynja D. Sigurpalsdottir, Ólafur Andri Stefánsson, Doruk Beyter, Guillaume Holley, Vinicius Tragante, Arnaldur Gylfason, Pall I. Olason, Florian Zink, Margret Asgeirsdottir, Sverrir T. Sverrisson, Brynjar Sigurdsson, Sigurjón A. Guðjónsson, Gunnar Sigurðsson, Gísli H. Halldórsson, Garðar Sveinbjörnsson, Unnur Styrkársdóttir, Droplaug N. Magnúsdóttir, Steinunn Snorradóttir, Kári Kristinsson, Emilia Sobech, Gudmar Thorleifsson, Frosti Jónsson, Páll Melsted, Ingileif Jónsdóttir, Þórunn Rafnar, Hilma Hólm, Hreinn Stefánsson, Jona Saemundsdottir, Daníel F. Guðbjartsson, Ólafur Þ. Magnússon, Gísli Másson, Unnur Thorsteinsdottir, Agnar Helgason, Hákon Jónsson, Patrick Sulem, GSK, Jatin Sandhuria, Tom G. Richardson, Laurence J Howe, Chloe Robins, Dongjing Liu, Patrick K. Albers, Mariana Pereira, Daniel D. Seaton, Yurii S. Aulchenko

Nature · 2025

Read source ↗ All evidence

Summary

This paper presents whole-genome sequencing of 490,640 UK Biobank participants, substantially expanding on prior genotyping efforts to enable unbiased discovery of genetic variation across the full genome. By coupling sequencing data with rich phenotypic records, the authors identified novel genetic associations with disease traits across multiple ancestry groups, with particular strength in European-ancestry individuals but also significant findings in African and Asian ancestry populations. The dataset's improved capacity to detect structural variants and coding/non-coding exonic variation strengthens precision medicine and therapeutic discovery potential.

UK applicability

As this represents the UK Biobank's core sequencing resource, the findings are directly applicable to UK-based genetic and precision medicine research. The predominance of European-ancestry associations reflects the UK Biobank's demographic composition and underscores the need for broader ancestry representation in future sequencing efforts to ensure equitable precision medicine outcomes.

Key measures

Whole-genome sequencing variants; within- and cross-ancestry genomic associations with disease traits; comparison of structural variant and exonic variation detection versus whole-exome sequencing

Outcomes reported

The study reports whole-genome sequencing data from 490,640 UK Biobank participants, enabling identification of genetic associations with disease traits across multiple ancestries. The dataset strengthens understanding of structural variants, exonic variation, and coding/UTR sequences compared to whole-exome sequencing approaches.

Theme
Measurement & metrics
Subject
Measurement methods & nutrient profiling
Study type
Research
Study design
Observational cohort
Source type
Peer-reviewed study
Status
Published
Geography
United Kingdom
System type
Human clinical
DOI
10.1038/s41586-025-09272-9
Catalogue ID
SNmoj7npag-9j9fcy

Topic tags

Pulse AI · ask about this record

Dig deeper with Pulse AI.

Pulse AI has read the whole catalogue. Ask about this record, its theme, or how the findings apply to UK farming and policy — every answer cites the underlying studies.