The global challenge of hidden hunger: perspectives from the field

Summary

This narrative review examines field-based approaches to tackling hidden hunger—the presence of multiple micronutrient deficiencies affecting over two billion people worldwide, particularly in low- and middle-income countries reliant on energy-dense, nutrient-poor staples. The paper reflects on progress at the midpoint of the UN Decade for Action on Nutrition, documenting how many countries are falling behind national targets, with recent shocks including the COVID-19 pandemic further exacerbating vulnerabilities in marginalised communities. The author argues that addressing systemic inequalities within food systems is essential to developing sustainable, cost-effective strategies for improving food quality and nutritional outcomes.

UK applicability

Whilst the review focuses primarily on hidden hunger in low- and middle-income countries, the strategies and frameworks discussed may inform UK policy on food security, nutritional inequalities, and sustainable food system development. However, the specific context of reliance on low-cost staples and limited dietary diversity is less directly applicable to UK conditions.

Key measures

Prevalence of hidden hunger (micronutrient deficiencies); progress towards national nutrition targets and UN sustainable development goal 2; strategies and interventions for improving dietary quality

Outcomes reported

The review explores field-based strategies employed to tackle micronutrient deficiencies, particularly iron, zinc, iodine and vitamin A. It reflects on progress towards UN sustainable development goal 2 and barriers to reducing hidden hunger in low- and middle-income countries.

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