Pulse Brain · Growing Health Evidence Index
Tier 3 — Observational / field trialPeer-reviewed

Sowing the seeds of change: unveiling farmer types to promote climate-smart agriculture adoption in Europe

Marilena Gemtou, Marcel Kornelis, Gohar Isakhanyan, Søren Marcus Pedersen, Spyros Fountas, Liselotte Puggaard, Jon Bienzobas Adrián, Alexia Izco Zabalza

Journal of Rural Studies · 2026

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Summary

This study applies behavioural-change theory and segmentation research to develop a typology of European farmers with respect to climate-smart agriculture (CSA) adoption. Drawing on a five-country survey of 603 farmers, the authors identified four farmer types with distinct profiles of capability, opportunity and motivation, ranging from environmentalists with high adoption intent to traditionalists facing the strongest barriers across all dimensions. The findings provide a framework for tailoring policy and intervention strategies to address the heterogeneous needs and constraints of different farmer groups.

UK applicability

The typology and COM-B framework could usefully inform UK agricultural policy design and extension services seeking to promote sustainable farming practices, though application would require validation with UK farmer populations and consideration of UK-specific policy contexts, market structures and regional farming diversity.

Key measures

Farmer segmentation based on COM-B model components (psychological capability, physical opportunity, social opportunity, reflective motivation, automatic motivation); intention to adopt climate-smart agriculture; barriers and drivers to adoption by farmer type

Outcomes reported

The study classified 603 European farmers into four distinct typologies (environmentalists, constrained, indifferents, and traditionalists) based on capability, opportunity and motivation factors from the COM-B behavioural-change model. It identified specific barriers and drivers for climate-smart agriculture adoption across these farmer groups and linked these to tailored policy and strategy interventions.

Theme
Policy, governance & rights
Subject
Food security & global nutrition
Study type
Research
Study design
Cross-sectional survey
Source type
Peer-reviewed study
Status
Published
Geography
Europe
System type
Other
DOI
10.1016/j.jrurstud.2026.104043
Catalogue ID
SNmp4zkio9-3k338h

Topic tags

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