Pulse Brain · Growing Health Evidence Index
Tier 3 — Observational / field trialPeer-reviewed

The nutritional quality of cereals varies geospatially in Ethiopia and Malawi

Dawd Gashu, Patson C. Nalivata, Tilahun Amede, E. Louise Ander, Elizabeth H. Bailey, Lester Botoman, Christopher Chagumaira, S. Gameda, Stephan M. Haefele, K. Hailu, Edward J. M. Joy, Alexander Kalimbira, Diriba B. Kumssa, R. M. Lark, I. S. Ligowe, S. P. McGrath, Alice E. Milne, Abdul‐Wahab Mossa, Moses Munthali, Erick K. Towett, Markus Walsh, Lolita Wilson, Scott D. Young, Martin R. Broadley

Nature · 2021

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Summary

This study demonstrates that micronutrient composition of staple cereal grains varies significantly at subnational scales across Ethiopia and Malawi, driven by soil and environmental factors including pH, organic matter, temperature, rainfall, and topography. For rural households reliant on locally sourced cereals, geographic location can be the dominant determinant of dietary micronutrient intake. The findings suggest that interventions addressing micronutrient deficiencies—including fortification and biofortification—must account for geographical variation that may exceed the magnitude of intervention effects.

UK applicability

The findings have limited direct applicability to UK cereal production, as UK farming systems, soils, climate, and food security contexts differ substantially from rural sub-Saharan Africa. However, the methodological approach—mapping geospatial micronutrient variation and relating it to soil and environmental covariates—could inform UK soil health and crop composition monitoring, particularly if future biofortification or targeted agronomic interventions are developed.

Key measures

Calcium, iron, selenium, and zinc concentrations in cereal grains; soil pH, soil organic matter, temperature, rainfall, and topography; biomarkers of selenium dietary status

Outcomes reported

The study mapped micronutrient composition (calcium, iron, selenium and zinc) of staple cereal grains across production areas in Ethiopia and Malawi, identifying subnational geospatial variation and its soil and environmental covariates. Positive relationships between grain selenium concentration and biomarkers of selenium dietary status were observed in both countries.

Theme
Nutrition & health
Subject
Crop nutrient density & mineral composition
Study type
Research
Study design
Observational field survey with geospatial analysis
Source type
Peer-reviewed study
Status
Published
Geography
International
System type
Arable cereals
DOI
10.1038/s41586-021-03559-3
Catalogue ID
BFmou2m5p8-9h13mc

Topic tags

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