Summary
This comprehensive systematic review synthesises the growing literature on negative emission technologies in the context of Paris Agreement climate goals. The authors use scientometric analysis and evidence assessment to clarify NET roles in 1.5–2 °C mitigation pathways, finding that whilst 1.5 °C targets require large-scale NET deployment, portfolios of multiple modest-scale technologies offer more realistic pathways than single-technology approaches. The review identifies substantial gaps between scenario assumptions and current innovation progress, alongside implementation barriers and weak policy incentives.
UK applicability
The findings are relevant to UK climate policy under the net-zero commitment and carbon budgets set by the Climate Change Committee. The review's emphasis on implementation barriers and policy incentives informs UK discussions on negative emission strategy, though site-specific NET potentials (e.g. bioenergy with carbon capture and storage, direct air capture) would require country-level assessment.
Key measures
Literature synthesis across quantitative climate mitigation scenarios; assessment of NET deployment potentials under economic and biophysical constraints; analysis of innovation and policy implementation gaps
Outcomes reported
The study synthesised literature on negative emission technologies (NETs) using scientometric tools and in-depth qualitative and quantitative assessment to clarify their role in climate scenarios, ethical implications, and implementation challenges. It identified six major findings regarding NET deployment requirements, potentials, portfolio approaches, innovation gaps, and policy barriers.
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