Summary
This narrative review examines recent advances in understanding chloroplast gene expression in land plants, focusing on the molecular mechanisms by which light regulates photosynthetic gene expression to optimise energy use and minimise photodamage. The authors discuss emerging biotechnological approaches, particularly engineering of pentatricopeptide repeat proteins, and their potential applications for improving crop productivity and environmental stress resilience. The review identifies key knowledge gaps and future research priorities in this field.
UK applicability
The molecular and engineering insights may inform UK crop improvement programmes, particularly for enhancing stress tolerance in cereals and horticultural crops under variable climate conditions. However, as a mechanism-focused review without field trial data, direct translation to UK farming practice would require subsequent applied research.
Key measures
Mechanisms of light-activated chloroplast gene expression; pentatricopeptide repeat protein engineering outcomes; molecular techniques for characterising chloroplast gene expression; crop yield and stress tolerance parameters
Outcomes reported
The review synthesises recent advances in understanding chloroplast gene expression mechanisms in land plants, including engineering of pentatricopeptide repeat proteins and molecular characterisation techniques. It examines how chloroplast gene expression regulation can be leveraged to improve crop yield and stress tolerance.
Topic tags
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