Pulse Brain · Growing Health Evidence Index
Tier 2 — RCT / large cohortPeer-reviewed

Lycopene is more bioavailable from tomato paste than from fresh tomatoes

Gärtner C, Stahl W, Sies H

Am J Clin Nutr · 1997.0

Read source ↗ All evidence

Summary

This human intervention study, published in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, investigated whether processing affects the bioavailability of lycopene from tomatoes. The findings suggest that lycopene from heat-processed tomato paste is more readily absorbed than that from fresh tomatoes, likely due to disruption of the chromoplast matrix releasing lycopene for micellarisation. The paper is a frequently cited early contribution to understanding how food processing and matrix effects influence carotenoid bioavailability.

UK applicability

The findings are broadly applicable to UK dietary guidance and food labelling contexts, supporting the nutritional relevance of processed tomato products (e.g. tinned tomatoes, tomato purée) that are widely consumed in the UK. This has implications for public health messaging around fruit and vegetable consumption and the role of minimally and moderately processed foods in nutrient delivery.

Key measures

Serum lycopene concentration (µmol/L); relative bioavailability ratio (tomato paste vs. fresh tomato); dietary lycopene intake (mg)

Outcomes reported

The study measured serum lycopene concentrations in human volunteers following consumption of tomato paste and fresh tomatoes, comparing the relative bioavailability of lycopene from each source. It likely reported that processing (heat treatment) significantly enhanced lycopene absorption compared to raw tomato consumption.

Theme
Nutrition & health
Subject
Fruit & vegetables
Study type
Research
Study design
RCT
Source type
Peer-reviewed study
Status
Published
Geography
Germany
System type
Human clinical
DOI
10.1093/ajcn/66.1.116
Catalogue ID
WP0016

Topic tags

Pulse AI · ask about this record

Dig deeper with Pulse AI.

Pulse AI has read the whole catalogue. Ask about this record, its theme, or how the findings apply to UK farming and policy — every answer cites the underlying studies.