Validation of an instrument for perceived factors affecting fruit and vegetable intake based on Pender's health promotion model

Summary

This cross-sectional validation study developed and tested a 104-item instrument measuring perceived behavioural factors affecting fruit and vegetable consumption in a sample of Iranian government employees. The instrument, grounded in Pender's health promotion model, demonstrated strong psychometric properties across face validity, content validity, and internal consistency measures. The 15-factor structure and robust validity indices suggest the instrument is suitable for use in future research on dietary behaviour change.

Regional applicability

This Iranian study's findings are not directly generalisable to United Kingdom populations, given differences in cultural context, food environments, and health promotion frameworks. However, the methodological approach to instrument validation and the theoretical application of Pender's health promotion model to fruit and vegetable intake may inform UK-based research, particularly if the instrument is adapted and re-validated for British dietary and cultural contexts.

Key measures

Face validity mean impact score (96.42% of items acceptable); content validity ratio (0.92); content validity index (0.97); Cronbach's alpha reliability (0.96); cumulative variance explained (61.17%)

Outcomes reported

The study developed and validated a 104-item instrument across 15 factors measuring perceived influences on fruit and vegetable consumption behaviour based on Pender's health promotion model. Validity and reliability were assessed through face validity, content validity, construct validity and internal consistency testing.

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