Summary
Mitigating reactive nitrogen loss from soil is critical for sustainable agricultural intensification. However, the combined effects of the nitrification inhibitor DMPP (3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate) and irrigation strategies on soil nitrogen dynamics remain unclear. A two-year experiment in the North China Plain evaluated how DMPP application, irrigation method (alternate vs. conventional drip irrigation), and irrigation quota (27 mm vs. 36 mm) affected soil NH₃ and N₂O emissions, physicochemical properties, enzyme activities, and microbial communities in summer maize systems. DMPP application, irrigation method and irrigation quota significantly affected soil urease and catalase activities, while alkaline phosphatase was mainly influenced by irrigation method ( P < 0.05). Actinobacterio
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