Summary
This 2022 narrative review examines the pathophysiological basis of retinopathy of prematurity, a leading cause of childhood blindness in premature infants. The authors synthesise evidence on cellular and molecular signalling cascades—particularly those involving oxygen regulation, angiogenic factors, and inflammatory pathways—that drive abnormal retinal vascular development. The paper appears to consolidate mechanistic understanding to inform prevention and treatment strategies, though the review does not directly address nutritional or dietary interventions.
Regional applicability
Findings are relevant to UK neonatal and ophthalmology practice, where ROP remains a concern in extremely premature infants managed in intensive care. However, this mechanistic review does not directly inform UK farming systems or food-based prevention strategies.
Key measures
Pathophysiological mechanisms; signalling pathways; vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF); oxygen-induced vascular changes; inflammatory mediators
Outcomes reported
The paper reviews pathophysiological mechanisms underlying retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and examines the cellular and molecular signalling pathways implicated in disease development and progression. The review synthesises current understanding of how abnormal retinal vascularisation occurs in premature infants.
Topic tags
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