Summary
This narrative review examines the complex interplay between heavy metals and radionuclides in contaminated soils and evaluates remediation strategies, particularly biosorption technologies utilising bacterial biomass and phosphogypsum application. The authors argue that understanding biosorption capacity and monitoring contaminant migration are essential for bridging the gap between laboratory efficacy and industrial-scale remediation. The work emphasises that scientifically-supported rehabilitation measures can restore contaminated territories to pre-emergency hygienic standards, enabling resumed economic activity.
Regional applicability
The findings may be relevant to UK sites with historical radioactive or heavy metal contamination, though the review appears to focus on large-scale territorial rehabilitation (possibly drawing on Eastern European experience post-industrial or post-nuclear incidents). UK applicability would depend on whether biosorption and phosphogypsum technologies meet domestic regulatory standards and whether contamination profiles match those addressed in the literature reviewed.
Key measures
Biosorption capacity of bacterial preparations; migration processes of heavy metals and radionuclides; contaminant immobilisation and consolidation; hygienic norms of radioactive contamination in output products
Outcomes reported
The study reviewed biosorption technologies based on bacterial biomass and phosphogypsum application as remediation approaches for soils contaminated with heavy metals and radionuclides. It assessed the interrelated migration patterns of multiple contaminants and monitoring strategies to evaluate remediation efficacy.
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