Summary
This joint expert review from the Obesity Medicine Association and National Lipid Association synthesises evidence on how obesity promotes an atherogenic, dyslipidemic state that increases cardiovascular disease risk. The authors document that excess adiposity is associated with characteristic lipid abnormalities—elevated triglycerides, reduced HDL-C, increased non-HDL-C, and elevated LDL particle concentration—rather than consistently elevated LDL-C. The review concludes that weight reduction and concurrent treatment of atherogenic cholesterol represent important priorities for reducing CVD risk in patients with obesity.
Regional applicability
As a United States-based clinical guidance document from major professional medical associations, the recommendations may require adaptation for United Kingdom clinical practice and lipid management guidelines. However, the underlying pathophysiology of obesity-related dyslipidemia and CVD risk is broadly relevant to UK populations, and the evidence-based principles regarding weight reduction and lipid management are applicable to UK clinical settings.
Key measures
Adipose tissue cholesterol and triglyceride storage, blood lipid levels (LDL-C, HDL-C, non-HDL-C, triglycerides, apolipoprotein B, LDL particle concentration), body fat percentage, cardiovascular disease risk
Outcomes reported
The review characterises the pathophysiologic relationship between obesity, dyslipidemia, and cardiovascular disease risk, detailing the atherogenic lipid profile associated with excess adiposity. It evaluates how weight reduction interventions affect lipid profiles and CVD outcomes in patients with obesity.
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