Summary
This study explores the effects of varying exposure times of microelement fertilization on hydrochemical parameters, plant growth, and nutrient content in an aquaponic system cultivating Capsicum annuum L. (pepper) with Cyprinus carpio (Common carp L.). It also investigates the potential of visible–near-infrared (VIS-NIR) spectroscopy to differentiate between treated plants based on their spectral characteristics. The findings aim to enhance the understanding of microelement dynamics in aquaponics and optimize the use of VIS-NIR spectroscopy for nutrient and stress detection in crops. The effects of microelement exposure on the growth and health of Cyprinus carpio (Common carp L.) in an aquaponic system are investigated, demonstrating a 100% survival rate and optimal growth performance. Th
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