Summary
ABSTRACT This study evaluates the performance of an integrated aquaponic system combining gravel bed and NFT modules within a recirculating loop, focusing on nutrient dynamics, plant growth and sensory quality. Conducted in a semi‐controlled greenhouse, the system utilized Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and cultivated lettuce, Swiss chard and pepper. Water quality analysis showed reduced nitrate levels after the NFT module (0.792 mg/L) compared to source RAS water (1.04 mg/L), while the gravel bed demonstrated superior phosphate removal (0.052 mg/L) and the lowest ammonia concentration (0.074 mg/L). Lettuce grown in NFT exhibited significantly greater shoot biomass (187.00 ± 15.53 g) than gravel‐grown plants (105.33 ± 11.79 g), with similar differences observed in root biomass. Plant
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