Pulse Brain · Growing Health Evidence Index
Tier 4 — Narrative / commentaryPeer-reviewed

Technology Roadmap of Micro/Nanorobots.

Ju X, Chen C, Oral CM, Sevim S, Golestanian R, Sun M, Bouzari N, Lin X, Urso M, Nam JS, Cho Y, Peng X, Landers FC, Yang S, Adibi A, Taz N, Wittkowski R, Ahmed D, Wang W, Magdanz V, Medina-Sánchez M, Guix M, Bari N, Behkam B, Kapral R, Huang Y, Tang J, Wang B, Morozov K, Leshansky A, Abbasi SA, Choi H, Ghosh S, Borges Fernandes B, Battaglia G, Fischer P, Ghosh A, Jurado Sánchez B, Escarpa A, Martinet Q, Palacci J, Lauga E, Moran J, Ramos-Docampo MA, Städler B, Herrera Restrepo RS, Yossifon G, Nicholas JD, Ignés-Mullol J, Puigmartí-Luis J, Liu Y, Zarzar LD, Shields CW, Li L, Li S, Ma X, Gracias DH, Velev O, Sánchez S, Esplandiu MJ, Simmchen J, Lobosco A, Misra S, Wu Z, Li J, Kuhn A, Nourhani A, Maric T, Xiong Z, Aghakhani A, Mei Y, Tu Y, Peng F, Diller E, Sakar MS, Sen A, Law J, Sun Y, Pena-Francesch A, Villa K, Li H, Fan DE, Liang K, Huang TJ, Chen XZ, Tang S, Zhang X, Cui J, Wang H, Gao W, Kumar Bandari V, Schmidt OG, Wu X, Guan J, Sitti M, Nelson BJ, Pané S, Zhang L, Shahsavan H, He Q, Kim ID, Wang J, Pumera M.

ACS Nano · 2025

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Summary

This large, multi-author roadmap paper published in ACS Nano consolidates expert consensus on the development trajectory of micro- and nanorobotic systems, drawing on contributions from leading research groups worldwide. It surveys current capabilities in locomotion, actuation, sensing, and fabrication at the micro/nanoscale, and outlines prospective application areas including targeted drug delivery, minimally invasive medicine, and environmental remediation. As a roadmap document, it is intended to guide research investment and identify the scientific and engineering challenges that must be addressed for the field to advance towards real-world deployment.

UK applicability

This paper has no direct applicability to UK farming systems, soil health, or food systems, as it concerns micro/nanorobotics engineering and biomedical technology. It may have distant relevance to precision agriculture sensing or agri-tech futures, but any such connection is highly speculative at this stage.

Key measures

Technology readiness levels; propulsion modalities; fabrication methods; application domains (biomedical, environmental, manufacturing); research priorities and timelines

Outcomes reported

The paper maps the current state and future trajectory of micro/nanorobotics research, covering propulsion mechanisms, fabrication strategies, control systems, and application domains. It likely identifies key technical milestones, capability gaps, and priority research directions across the field.

Theme
General food systems / other
Subject
Micro/nanorobotics & autonomous systems
Study type
Narrative Review
Study design
Narrative review
Source type
Peer-reviewed study
Status
Published
Geography
International
DOI
10.1021/acsnano.5c03911
Catalogue ID
NRmo3f02hq-05y

Topic tags

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