Summary
This field-based evaluation examined the economic implications of adopting integrated nutrient management and integrated pest management practices within a paddy-okra cropping system characteristic of West Bengal's Gangetic alluvial soils. The study assessed the financial viability and returns to farmers adopting these improved practices compared to conventional methods, contributing evidence on the farm-level economic case for sustainable intensification in eastern India. The findings appear intended to support uptake of these practices by demonstrating their profitability under local agronomic conditions.
Regional applicability
This study is conducted in West Bengal, India, and documents outcomes specific to Gangetic alluvial soils and the paddy-okra intercrop system of that region. Findings will have limited direct applicability to UK farming systems, which operate under different soil types, climates, and crop rotations; however, the methodological approach to integrating economic assessment with INM and IPM adoption may offer insights for evaluating sustainable intensification strategies in UK horticulture and mixed farming contexts.
Key measures
Farm economy indicators likely including net returns, cost of cultivation, gross income, benefit-cost ratio, and labour inputs for paddy and okra crops under INM and IPM versus conventional practice.
Outcomes reported
The study evaluated the economic returns and farm-level financial viability of adopting integrated nutrient management (INM) and integrated pest management (IPM) practices in a paddy-okra cropping system. It compared economic metrics between improved practices and conventional farming methods in West Bengal's Gangetic alluvial zone.
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