Summary
This narrative review synthesises recent literature on metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) as multifunctional agricultural inputs, examining their potential as controlled-release fertilisers and pesticide/antimicrobial carriers. MOF-based systems show promise for improving nutrient use efficiency and reducing leaching losses compared to conventional fertilisers, whilst some MOFs exhibit intrinsic antimicrobial properties; however, significant knowledge gaps remain regarding soil stability, environmental fate, toxicity, and economic viability at field scale.
Regional applicability
The findings are relevant to United Kingdom agricultural practice and policy, particularly in contexts addressing nutrient losses from conventional fertilisers and regulatory pressures on synthetic pesticide use. However, the review identifies that a clear gap persists between laboratory promise and field agricultural adoption, necessitating UK-based field trials and cost-benefit analyses before practical recommendation.
Key measures
Nutrient loading capacity, controlled-release kinetics, nutrient use efficiency, leaching losses, antimicrobial activity, environmental fate, material stability in soil, economic cost
Outcomes reported
The review evaluates metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) as multifunctional delivery platforms for nutrients and agrochemicals, assessing their performance, limitations, and practical applicability in agriculture. It critically examines MOF synthesis, structural properties, and mechanisms for controlled-release fertilization and pest/disease management.
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