Summary
This GWAS study analysed 219 globally diverse sugarcane accessions using whole-genome resequencing to identify genetic loci controlling nine photosynthesis-related traits (four leaf morphological and five chlorophyll-related). Integration of 5.96 million SNPs revealed 97 GWAS-associated intervals harbouring 20 candidate genes with predicted roles in photosynthetic pathways, including transcription factors, chloroplast proteins, and hormone signalling components. The findings provide a genetic resource for breeding programmes to enhance photosynthetic capacity through improved leaf structure and pigment composition.
Regional applicability
Sugarcane is not a major UK crop; findings are primarily applicable to sugarcane-growing regions in tropical and subtropical climates. However, the methodological framework (GWAS for photosynthesis-related traits) and candidate gene pathways identified may inform breeding approaches in other UK-relevant crops such as wheat or barley.
Key measures
Leaf length, leaf width, leaf ratio, leaf area, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, chlorophyll a/b ratio, total chlorophyll, SPAD value; SNP identification (p ≤ 1.5 × 10−6); functional annotation of candidate genes
Outcomes reported
The study identified 308 GWAS-significant SNPs defining 97 associated intervals across 30 sugarcane chromosomes, with 98 putative genes predicted and 20 candidates prioritised as potentially involved in photosynthesis-related pathways. These genetic resources provide a foundation for future functional validation and breeding selection of photosynthetic traits.
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