Summary
This narrative review synthesises emerging evidence on how nutrition shapes immune function and inflammation through diet-microbiota interactions. The authors emphasise that dietary components and their metabolic products derived from the microbiota can exert context- and tissue-dependent pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory effects across infection, chronic inflammation, and cancer immunotherapy. The review highlights implications for precision nutrition and therapeutic approaches to managing inflammation and infection.
Regional applicability
As a mechanistic review of universal biological processes, the findings on diet-microbiota-immunity crosstalk are broadly applicable to United Kingdom populations. However, the review does not address UK-specific dietary patterns, microbiota composition in British cohorts, or NHS-specific interventions; implementation would require contextualisation to UK food environments and clinical settings.
Key measures
Microbiota composition, microbiota-derived metabolites, immune responses, inflammatory markers, tissue-specific immune regulation
Outcomes reported
The paper reviews how dietary components influence intestinal microbiota composition and metabolic output, and how microbiota-derived metabolites alter immune responses and inflammation across the lifespan. It examines the role of diet-microbiota crosstalk in health and disease contexts including infection, chronic inflammation, and cancer.
Topic tags
Dig deeper with Pulse AI.
Ask about this record, its theme or its relevance to UK farming and policy. Pulse AI uses selected catalogue evidence and cites the sources it draws on.