Plasma polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolism associations with bone mineral density and bone turnover in pre- and postmenopausal women living with HIV.

Summary

This cross-sectional metabolomics study examined associations between plasma PUFA metabolism and bone health in 68 women living with HIV and 42 women without HIV. BMD and bone turnover markers were associated with multiple metabolic pathways including arachidonic acid, fatty acid oxidation, energy metabolism, and steroid hormones in women with HIV, although direct plasma n-3 and n-6 PUFA concentrations showed no significant associations with BMD or bone turnover markers.

Regional applicability

The study was conducted in the United States and findings may have limited direct applicability to United Kingdom populations due to potential differences in HIV treatment protocols, nutritional status, and bone health epidemiology. However, the mechanistic insights regarding PUFA metabolism and bone health could inform dietary research in UK clinical populations managing HIV-related bone disease.

Key measures

BMD Z-scores (dual energy X-ray absorptiometry), serum bone turnover markers (C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen and osteocalcin), plasma polyunsaturated fatty acid concentrations, untargeted high-resolution metabolomics, pathway enrichment analysis

Outcomes reported

The study measured associations between plasma polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolism, bone mineral density (BMD) at lumbar spine, femoral neck and total hip, and bone turnover markers (CTX and osteocalcin) in women living with and without HIV using untargeted high-resolution metabolomics.

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