Pulse Brain · Growing Health Evidence Index
Tier 1 — Meta-analysis / systematic reviewPeer-reviewed

Health effects associated with vegetable consumption: a Burden of Proof study

Jeffrey D Stanaway, Ashkan Afshin, Charlie Ashbaugh, Catherine Bisignano, Michael Bräuer, Giannina Ferrara, Vanessa Garcia, Demewoz Haile, Simon I Hay, Jiawei He, Vincent C Iannucci, Haley Lescinsky, Erin C Mullany, Marie C. Parent, Audrey L. Serfes, Reed J D Sorensen, Aleksandr Y. Aravkin, Peng Zheng, Christopher J L Murray

Nature Medicine · 2022

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Summary

This Bayesian meta-regression study synthesised evidence for associations between vegetable consumption and chronic disease, finding statistically significant protective effects for ischaemic stroke, ischaemic heart disease, haemorrhagic stroke, and oesophageal cancer, but uncertain evidence for type 2 diabetes. Increasing vegetable consumption from zero to 306-372 g daily was associated with risk reductions of 15.9–28.5% for four conditions. The authors note that whilst current evidence supports policy promotion of vegetable consumption, substantial research gaps remain, particularly regarding type 2 diabetes.

Regional applicability

As a global meta-regression synthesising evidence across populations, findings are broadly applicable to United Kingdom dietary guidance and public health policy. However, the heterogeneity in underlying studies and uncertainty ranges suggest local validation through UK cohort data would strengthen evidence base for specific population subgroups.

Key measures

Risk reduction (percentage decline in disease incidence); uncertainty intervals; quality of evidence ratings (1-3 star system); theoretical minimum risk exposure level (306-372 g daily vegetable intake)

Outcomes reported

The study quantified associations between vegetable consumption and five chronic diseases (ischaemic heart disease, ischaemic stroke, haemorrhagic stroke, type 2 diabetes, and oesophageal cancer) using Bayesian meta-regression. It assessed both the magnitude of protective effects and the quality of evidence underpinning each association.

Theme
Nutrition & health
Subject
Dietary patterns & chronic disease
Study type
Meta-analysis
Study design
Meta-analysis
Source type
Peer-reviewed study
Status
Published
Geography
Global
System type
Horticulture
DOI
10.1038/s41591-022-01970-5
Catalogue ID
SNmqq4qak1-o0b7pa

Topic tags

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