Summary
This cross-sectional serosurvey of 210 backyard poultry samples from 35 clusters in Lahore district, Pakistan (July–August 2009) found overall avian influenza virus seroprevalence of 65.2%, dominated by H9 subtype (62.0%). Birds sourced from markets or received as gifts were 5.7 times more likely to be seropositive, suggesting that procurement practices represent a significant risk factor. The authors recommend continuous epidemiological surveillance of backyard poultry to mitigate AIV transmission risk in Pakistan.
Regional applicability
Direct applicability to UK conditions is limited, as this study addresses backyard poultry systems and epidemiology in South Asia; however, the findings on transmission risk via mixed-source procurement may inform biosecurity practices in any system relying on multi-origin bird introductions. UK poultry systems tend towards higher biosecurity standards, but the study underscores the disease risks inherent in informal, small-scale production networks.
Key measures
Seroprevalence of H5, H7, and H9 avian influenza virus subtypes (via haemagglutination inhibition test); odds ratios for risk factors including poultry source, flock size, and housing system
Outcomes reported
The study measured seroprevalence of avian influenza virus subtypes (H5, H7, H9) in backyard poultry flocks and identified associated risk factors including poultry source and flock management practices. Overall weighted seroprevalence for AIVs was 65.2%, with H9 at 62.0% and H5 at 6.9%; H7 was not detected.
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