Summary
This review synthesises literature on edible halophytes of the Mediterranean basin, traditionally gathered by rural communities and increasingly recognised as functional foods. The authors document chemical composition, bioactive components, and health-promoting properties whilst highlighting cases of commercial cultivation as alternative crops. The review concludes that whilst halophytes show promising potential as functional food ingredients and sources of bioactive compounds, further research is needed on chemical characterisation under commercial practices, clinical trials to assess long-term bioactivity, and safety regulations.
Regional applicability
The Mediterranean basin is geographically specific to Southern Europe, North Africa, and Western Asia. Findings may be partially transferable to United Kingdom cultivation in controlled environments (glasshouses) given climate differences, though some Mediterranean halophyte species may be adapted to cooler conditions. UK policy interest in diversifying horticulture and reducing irrational wild harvesting could support commercial cultivation of selected species.
Key measures
Chemical composition of halophyte species; bioactive compound content; in vitro and in vivo health effects; commercial cultivation feasibility
Outcomes reported
The review identified Mediterranean halophyte species traditionally used for food and medicine, characterised their chemical composition and health-promoting components, and assessed their potential as functional food ingredients and bioactive compound sources. Evidence from in vitro and in vivo studies on their health effects is synthesised.
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