Summary
This narrative review synthesises evidence on microalgae as renewable sources of high-value bioactive compounds for dietary supplementation and therapeutic use, focusing on Chlorella and Arthrospira species. It examines cultivation systems, biorefinery processes for compound extraction, and reported health applications including antioxidant and antihypertensive effects. The authors highlight significant gaps in metabolite characterisation, strain safety data, and process optimisation that must be addressed before scaled commercial production of functional microalgae products can be considered evidence-based.
Regional applicability
The review addresses global microalgae cultivation and biorefinery methods without UK-specific context. Findings on cultivation challenges, bioactive compound yields, and safety concerns apply broadly to any region seeking to develop microalgae-based supplements, though UK regulatory pathways for novel foods and dietary supplements would need separate consideration.
Key measures
Biochemical composition of microalgae; bioactive compound yields (omega-3 fatty acids, carotenoids, antioxidants); cultivation system types (open vs. closed); processing and purification methods; reported therapeutic efficacy
Outcomes reported
The review examined biochemical composition of microalgae species (Chlorella, Arthrospira), methods for cultivating and processing microalgae at scale, and evidence for bioactive compounds as potential treatments for hypertension and other health conditions. It identified gaps in characterisation of algal metabolites and safety concerns requiring further research.
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