Sequestering carbon in soils of arid ecosystems

Summary

This narrative review examines soil carbon sequestration potential in arid and semi-arid ecosystems, linking desertification and land degradation to global warming through a positive feedback loop. The author synthesises evidence that SOC sequestration rates vary substantially by climate, soil texture, and management practice, ranging from 0–200 kg C ha⁻¹ y⁻¹ in semi-arid regions to 200–500 kg C ha⁻¹ y⁻¹ in sub-humid zones, and identifies both proven technologies (afforestation, low stocking rates, soil and water conservation) and emerging approaches (nanotechnology, biotechnology, information technology) for enhancing sequestration in rehabilitated degraded lands.

Regional applicability

The review is global in scope but focuses primarily on arid and semi-arid regions in Africa and Asia. Findings on carbon sequestration rates and climate-dependent responses are most directly applicable to drylands worldwide; applicability to UK conditions is limited, as the UK's climate is temperate and humid, where different sequestration dynamics and management priorities apply. However, the review's integration of social, economic and policy drivers (e.g. carbon credit mechanisms) may inform UK land restoration and climate policy.

Key measures

Soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration rate (kg C ha⁻¹ y⁻¹), secondary inorganic carbon (SIC) sequestration rate (kg C ha⁻¹ y⁻¹), effects of climate type (arid, semi-arid, sub-humid), soil texture (clayey vs sandy), and land use conversion on carbon sequestration potential

Outcomes reported

The study quantified soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration rates across climatic zones and soil types in arid and semi-arid ecosystems, ranging from 0–200 kg C ha⁻¹ y⁻¹ in semi-arid climates to 200–500 kg C ha⁻¹ y⁻¹ in sub-humid climates. It also assessed secondary inorganic carbon (SIC) sequestration and evaluated management practices and innovative technologies for enhancing carbon uptake in degraded lands.

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